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WAG Cycle Dependent Hysteresis Modelling through an Integrated Approach from Laboratory to Field Scale, Malaysia Oil Fields

Authors
Lazreg Belazreg (PETRONAS) | M Razib A Raub (PETRONAS) | M Azri B Hanifah (PETRONAS) | Nader Ghadami (PETRONAS)
DOI
https://doi.org/10.2118/186379-MS
Document ID
SPE-186379-MS
Publisher
Society of Petroleum Engineers
Source
SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition, 17-19 October , Jakarta, Indonesia
Publication Date
2017
Document Type
Conference Paper
Language
English
ISBN
978-1-61399-538-9
Copyright
2017. Society of Petroleum Engineers
Disciplines
5.5.2 Core Analysis, 5.7 Reserves Evaluation, 5.7.2 Recovery Factors, 5 Reservoir Desciption & Dynamics, 4.3.4 Scale, 5.5.8 History Matching, 5.4 Improved and Enhanced Recovery, 5.3.4 Reduction of Residual Oil Saturation, 5.5 Reservoir Simulation, 5.4 Improved and Enhanced Recovery
Keywords
Hysteresis, WAG, Simulation
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Abstract

With the increasing demand in domestic energy requirement and with declining production rates from mature fields of offshore Malaysia, PETRONAS has embarked on an aggressive campaign to address the decline in rates as well as increase the reserves through proven Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) application. An immiscible Water Alternating Gas (WAG) process is found to be the most favorable EOR method due to gas supply availability, proven world-wide application, and promising results in improving injection fluid sweep efficiency and reducing residual oil saturation.

To reduce the uncertainty of EOR technical studies under low oil price, a comprehensive integrated procedure is required to study WAG performance and define key factors that impact flow efficiency under three-phase flow conditions for a more representative full-field reservoir simulation study results.

This procedure involves a detailed comprehensive parametric study of the cycle dependent hysteresis starting from extensive literature review, followed by laboratory experiments and extracting pertinent WAG parameters from coreflood history matching and finally applying these parameters in full-field reservoir simulation study. This study demonstrated that the WAG cycle dependency of relative permeability during WAG process is one of the key factors that has significant impact on WAG performance and recovery factor. This feature cannot be captured by conventional three-phase flow models used by reservoir simulators. The study indicates additional recovery factor of about 1%-2% compared to the base-case WAG model without WAG hysteresis.

File Size  4 MBNumber of Pages   9

Sedaralit, M.F., Hashim, N., Mandal, D., 2016. Translating a Robust Techniques of the EOR-WAG Hysteresis from Laboratory to Field Application. Presented at the SPE International Petroleum Technology Conference, Bangkok, Thailand, 14-16 November. IPTC-18927-MS. https://doi.org/10.2523/IPTC-18927-MS.

Nadeson, G., Anua N.A., Singhal A., Ibrahim R., 2004. Water-Alternating-Gas (WAG) Pilot Implementation, A First EOR Development Project in Dulang Field, Offshore Peninsular Malaysia. Presented at the SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, Perth, Australia, 18-20 October. SPE-88499-MS. https://doi.org/10.2118/88499-MS.

Christensen J.R., Stenby E.H., Skauge A., 2001. Review of WAG Field Experience. SPEJ. 4 (02): 97–106. SPE-71203-PA. https://doi-org.proxy1.athensams.net/10.2118/71203-PA

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Mahzari, P., Sohrabi, M., 2016. An Improved Approach for Estimation of Flow and Hysteresis Parameters Applicable to WAG Experiments. Presented at the SPE International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference, Abu Dhabi, UAE, 7-10 November. SPE-183321-MS. https://doi.org/10.2118/183321-MS.

Beygi, M.R., Delshad, M., Pudugramam V. S, Pope, G.A., Wheeler, M.F., 2015. Novel Three-Phase Compositional Relative Permeability and Three-Phase Hysteresis Models. SPE Journal. SPE-165324-PA. https://doi.org/10.2118/165324-PA

Spiteri, E.J., Juanes, R., 2004. Impact of Relative Permeability Hysteresis on the Numerical Simulation of WAG Injection. Presneted at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, 26-29 September. SPE-89921-MS. https://doi.org/10.2118/89921-MS

Kossack, C.A., 2000. Comparison of Reservoir Simulation Hysteresis Options. Presented the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dallas, Texas, 1-4 October. SPE-63147-MS. https://doi.org/10.2118/63147-MS

Element, D.J., Masters, J.H.K., Sargent, N.C., Jayasekera, A.J., 2003. Assessment of Three-Phase Relative Permeability Models Using Laboratory Hysteresis Data. Presented the SPE International Improved Oil Recovery Conference in Asia Pacific, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 20-21 October. SPE-84903-MS. https://doi.org/10.2118/84903-MS

Schlumberger Eclipse Reservoir Simulator Reference Manual, version 2014.2.

Mobeen Fatemi S., Jamiolahmady M., Sohrabi M., Irekand S., 2012. Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Oil/Gas Relative Permeabilities Hysteresis in the Presence of Immobile Water: under Low Oil/Gas IFT and Mixed-Wet Conditions. Presented at the SPE Europe/EAGE Annual Conference, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-7 June. SPE-154530-MS. https://doi-org.proxy1.athensams.net/10.2118/154530-MS

Hoseini, J., Mirkalaei, S.M.M., Demiral, B., Masoudi, R., Ataei, A., 2012. Investigating the Effect of Hysteresis modelling on Numerical Simulation of Immiscible WAG Injection. Presented at the SPE International Petroleum Technology Conference, Bangkok, Thailand, 15-17 November. IPTC 15055. https://doi.org/10.2523/IPTC-15055-MS

Wan Nurul Adyani W Razak, Vineet Marwah, Aqilah Dollah, Putri Yunalis, Awang M Safuan, Mohd Azlan Mustafa, PETRONAS.:"T2 Advanced Gas EOR" Final Report PRSB-EOR-14-25, 22 July 2014

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